[1]夏小龙,段铄,张志刚,等.膝骨关节炎转录组学从差异表达基因到分子机制的研究进展[J].中医正骨,2026,38(07):69-75,80.
 XIA Xiaolong,DUAN Shuo,ZHANG Zhigang,et al.Advances in research on the transcriptomics of knee osteoarthritis: from differentially expressed genes to molecular mechanisms[J].The Journal of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics and Traumatology,2026,38(07):69-75,80.
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膝骨关节炎转录组学从差异表达基因到分子机制的研究进展()

《中医正骨》[ISSN:1001-6015/CN:41-1162/R]

卷:
第38卷
期数:
2026年07期
页码:
69-75,80
栏目:
综述
出版日期:
2026-07-20

文章信息/Info

Title:
Advances in research on the transcriptomics of knee osteoarthritis: from differentially expressed genes to molecular mechanisms
作者:
夏小龙; 段铄; 张志刚; 段星星; 俞振翰; 时孝晴; 林成栋; 袁水清; 胡每鑫
南京中医药大学附属苏州市中医医院,江苏 苏州 215009
Author(s):
XIA Xiaolong; DUAN Shuo; ZHANG Zhigang; DUAN Xingxing; YU Zhenhan; SHI Xiaoqing; LIN Chengdong; YUAN Shuiqing; HU Meixin
关键词:
骨关节炎; 膝;  转录组;  差异基因表达;  单细胞基因表达分析;  多组学;  空间转录物组学;  分子机制;  综述
摘要:
膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)发病机制复杂,现有研究对其分子层面的系统性认识仍不充分,制约了疾病修饰性治疗策略的研发。近年来,转录组学研究已由早期的差异表达基因筛选,逐步发展为结合单细胞转录组测序、空间转录组学及多组学整合的机制解析体系,为揭示KOA多组织协同病变提供了重要依据。现有证据表明,软骨、滑膜、软骨下骨及外周血中均可检测到与KOA进展相关的异常转录特征,其中细胞外基质代谢失衡、软骨细胞异常分化与凋亡、自噬障碍、机械应力应答紊乱、滑膜先天免疫激活及成纤维细胞异常活化,是当前转录组学研究持续聚焦的关键病理环节; Wnt-β连环蛋白、核因子κB、转化生长因子-β-Smad等信号通路在不同组织间存在协同异常,构成了KOA发生发展的重要分子网络。此外,基于转录组特征的分子分型、诊断标志物筛选及潜在靶向干预策略,也为KOA的精准诊断与个体化治疗提供了新思路。本文围绕近年来KOA转录组学研究的重要发现与发展趋势,从KOA差异表达基因的鉴定与整合、KOA差异表达基因的功能机制、KOA关键信号通路的异常调控,以及KOA转录组学研究的转化应用4个方面进行了综述,为揭示KOA的分子机制及发现新型治疗靶点提供了参考。

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
基金项目:江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20240386); 苏州市科技攻关计划(医疗卫生创新)项目(SYWD2025324)
通信作者:张志刚 E-mail:doctor0512@163.com
(收稿日期:2025-11-17 本文编辑:李晓乐)
更新日期/Last Update: 2026-07-20